Cupola furnace



May 30, 1933. MARX -CUPOLA FURNACE Filed Jan. 5, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet .1

FEIEYMaIX INVEINTOR m'w ATTORNEYS.

2 Shee ts-Sheet 2 P. MARX CUPOLA FURNACE May 30, 1933.

Filed Jan. 5, 1931 terMarx INVENTOR.

,ZATTORNEYS.

Patented May {twill 9 33 UNITED STATES PETER MARX, OF HENNEF SIEG;GERMANY CUIPOLA. FURNACE Application filed January 3, 1931, Serial No.506,434, and in Germany January 3, 1830.

My invention relates to a cupola furnace for melting and refiningmetals, glass, enamel and the like. I

One object of my invention is to provide a melting and refining furnacehaving a shaft arranged centrally above and in direct com: municationwith the refining chamber of the furnace.

Another object of my invention is to provide an inner furnace part whichis remov- -ablefrom its operative position, the top of said partconstituting the bottom of the furnace shaft, while its lower partserves as a closure for the aperture in the bottom of the refiningchamber. F

A still further object of my invention is to provide a cross-partitionedrefining chamber, in which top and bottom apertures establish acommunication between the partitioned sections for the passage of theheating flames.

A further object of my invention is to provide a cupola furnace of anefficient, simple and durable construction by which a minimum ofconsumption in energy, and a minimum loss in energy respectively areobtained, thereby yielding maximum mechanical and volumetric efiiciency.

With the foregoing and other objects in view the invention consists inthe arrangement and combination of parts hereinafter described andclaimed, and while the invention is not restricted to the exact detailsof constructiondisclosed, still for the purpose of illustrating apractical embodiment thereof, reference is bad to the accompanyingdrawingsin which like reference characters designate the same parts inthe several views, and in which I Figure 1 is a section on the line 11of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 2+2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 4 is a broken-plane horizontal sectlon of the furnace of Fig. 3.

The cupola furnace structure is provided with a cylindrical shaft 7, 9denotes an annular refining chamber, and, in the form shown in Figs. 3and 4 g is the refining section of said chamber 9, for receiving thematerial" to be melted, said material being free from any slag, whilethe reference numeral a designates an inner part of the furnace, saidpart preferably being of cylindrical'shape, imperforate andfportable atwill after having been removed downward. d is the refractory brick wall.It should be noted that the continuit of the part of said wallconfronting the sha t f is fully interrupted downwardly, where the saidwall is flared out to form the enclosure 8f the expanded part of thefurnace, chamer 9. A suitable mechanical device operated byelectricityQcompressed air or the like, may be used for the introductionand the removal of the inner part a of the furnace. Such av deviceisexemplarily indicated in the drawing as a hydraulic ram 1', such alifting device being well known to those acquainted with the respectiveart. The furnace part a as lowered by the ram 1' and thus removed fromits operative position as denoted at a and indicated in dotted lines inFigures 2 and 3, in which position entrance may be easily had throughthe aperture in the bottom of the refining chamber to the refiningchamberg as well as to the shaft f of the cupola furnace. The top of theinner furnace art a is suitably constructed soas to form a ottom c forthe cupola furnace shaft, while, at the same time, the lower part servesas a closure of the aperture at the bottom of the refining chamber g,the intervening part forming outwardly solid, continuous sides.

This refining cupola furnace may or may not include a flatfacedcross-partition u in the refining chamber 9. Figures 1 and 2 show therefining chamber without'the cross-partition to, while Figures 3 and 4indicate the refining chamber divided into two so arate, parts 9 and gby the cross-partition u. en conditioning means are ,to be introducedinto the bath of melted material, in which in- I stance the bath must bekept free from $18. the construction shown in Figures 3 and 4 is to begiven preference. The conditioning means may be introduced in the frontpart g of the refining chamber by the top aperture .2

as provided for. In both instances, the heating flames produced by theoil burners is will pass Over the liquid melted material, through thechannels 2' into the shaft 7, where the material fed from the platformis melted, said material flowing, in counterflow to the ascending gases,through the channels 11 into the refining chamber g.

According to Figures 3 and 4 heating flames escape from the annular ormain refining chamber 9 through the upper apertures 6 provided in thecross-partition into the front part g of the refining chamber, whencethey return to the refining chamber 9 through the top aperture 10, andinto the shaft f the said partition it being disposed substan tially intangential alignment with said shaft. The material free from slag ispassed into the front part of the refining chamber by way of I the lowerapertures I).

The burners is may alsobe arranged on the furnace wall in such a mannerthat the heating flames enter the furnace through the part 9' of therefining chamber.-Due to the arrangement of slag outlets j, the slag mayescape from the refining chamber to the open. The refined material isfed from the furnace intohmoulds or conveying vessels by the outet IThis refining furnace may also be operated with coke-, coal dust-, gasoroil-firing. In accordance with the requirements, the air nozzles w maybe opened or closed by the throttle valve 0.

This refining cupola furnace is used in connection with themelting ofgray iron, steel,

temper castings and metals of any kind, as well as in the ceramicindustry, for instance in connection with the melting of glass andenamel.

What I claim is:

1.- A cupola furnace comprising a furnace structure formed with anannular refining chamber, a shaft substantially concentrically arrangedabove and in direct communication with said refining chamber, anupstanding imperforate; cylindrical inner furnace part, said part beingadapted to be removed from and into operative position.

2. A cupola furnace comprising a furnace structure formed with anannular refining chamber, a shaft substantially concentrically arrangedabove and in direct communication with said refining chamber, anupstanding imperforate cylindrical inner furnace part adapted to beremoved from and into operative position, thetop of said furnace partconstituting thebottom of the cupola shaft, its lower part serving as aclosure for the a erture in the bottom of the refining cham er.

I 3. A cupola furnace comprising a furnace structure, formed with anannular refining chamber, a shaft substantially concentrically arrangedabove and in direct communically through said chamber into said shaft,

and serving to support the furnace charge in said shaft.

5. A cupola furnace comprising a refining chamber, a shaft extendingupwardly from said chamber, said shaft being flared out into the ceilingof said chamber at its lower end, and an inner imperforate partextending vertically through said chamber into said shaft, and servingto support the furnace charge in said shaft.

6. A cupola furnace comprising a refining chamber, a relatively narrowshaft extending upwardly from said chamber and an inner imperforatepartextending vertically through the bottom of said chamber into said shaft,and serving to support the furnace charge in said shaft.

7. A cupola furnace comprising a refining chamber, a shaft extendingupwardly from said chamber, said shaft being flared out into the ceilingof said chamber at its lower end, so that said, shaft unobstructedlyexpands into said chamber, and an inner part extending verticallythrough said chamber into i said shaft, and serving to support thefurnace 1 charge in said shaft.

8. A cupola furnace comprising a refining chamber, a shaft extendingupwardly from said chamber, said shaft being flared out into the ceilingof said chamber at its lower end, so that said shaft unobstructedly'expands into said chamber, and an innerpart extending vertically throughsaid chamber into said shaft, and serving to support the furnace chargein said shaft, the lower end of said shaft spacedly surrounding saidinner part above said chamber.

9. A cupola furnace comprising a refining chamber, a relatively narrowshaft extending upwardly from said chamber, and an inner imperforatepart extending vertically through said chamber into said shaft, andserving to support-the furnace charge in said shaft, said inner partbeing downwardly removable from said chamber.

1 10. A cupola furnace comprising a refining into said shaft, andserving to support the furnace charge in said shaft, and a devicedownwardly removing said inner part from said chamber.

11. A cupola furnace comprising a refining chamber, a shaft upwardlyextending from said chamber, an inner part arising in said chamber intosaid shaft and servin to support the furnace char e in said sha and asubstantially flatfa partition arising in said chamber alongside of saidinner part and said shaft, apertures at the top and the bottom of saidpartition establishing communication for gases and the melted materialin said chamber, res ctively.

12. A cupola rnace comprising a refining chamber, a shaft upwardlyextending from said chamber, an inner part arising in i said chamberinto said shaft and serving to support the furnace charge in said shaft,and

a substantially flatfaced partition arising in said chamber intangentlal alignment with the wall of said shaft, apertures at the topand the bottom of said partition establishing communication for ases andthe melted material in said cham er, respectively.

' PETER MARX.

